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What was an outcome of the Russian Revolution of 1917?

The Russian Revolution ended the rule of a dynasty that had lasted three hundred years. In the years preceding the 1917 revolution, Tsar Nicholas II had become increasingly unpopular with the working class majority, who suffered from poverty and famine. Though class struggle had long been marked by temporary but frequent conflicts between workers and police, it reached a head in 1917 when a spontaneous "bread riot" escalated into a large-scale revolutionary protest. As a result of this riot, the Tsar stepped down from power.\n\nIn the years following, Russia became symbolic of the spread of co..

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When did the Battle of Antietam start and end?

The Battle of Antietam is also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg. It was fought near Sharpsburg, Md., as well as Antietam Creek. As part of the Maryland Campaign, the Army of the Potomac, led by Union Army Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, mounted a series of assaults on the Confederates, who were led by Gen. Robert E. Lee. The battle is believed to have motivated President Abraham Lincoln to announce his Emancipation Proclamation.

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What are two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884 and 1885?

The Berlin Conference was headed by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Initially convened to address the humanitarian issues that were brought about due to the slave trade, it preoccupied itself with the greater issues of the possession and occupation of a land that was abundant in resources and strategically important.\nArticle 34 of the Berlin Act introduces the doctrine of the “spheres of influence.” Any European country claiming possession of African coastline had to inform the other nations of its intentions. Otherwise, the claim would not be recognized. The "sphere of influence" al..

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What were the characteristics of trench warfare?

Some trenches are deep enough for troops to stand in without being detected, while others permit only crawling. Soldiers typically dig a series of interconnected trenches to provide escape routes and enhance troop mobility. Firing positions feature raised steps on which troops perch to aim their weapons. Boards placed on the muddy floors provide firm footing.\nThe French military initiated the use of trench warfare in the 17th century. The invention of cannons prompted Civil War troops to dig trenches. Millions of men fought battles in 12,000 miles of trenches in Belgium, France and Switzerlan..

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What happened to the Sumerians?

Sumer was the first and southernmost civilization of Mesopotamia. Cities and trade with other peoples began to emerge in the Uruk Period of 4100 to 2900. By 3600, Sumerians had established the world's first cities and invented the wheel, the sailboat, cuneiform writing and irrigation.\nThe next period of the Sumerian civilization was the Early Dynastic Period of 2900 to 2234, when Sargon of Akkad seized the throne. The Akkadian Empire lasted just 16 years, until 2218. After that a dark period in Sumerian history began with the invasion by Gutian people. The Gutian Period lasted from 2218 ..

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What are some names of Egyptian gods and goddesses?

The Egyptian pantheon had hundreds of different gods, some associated with specific functions and some with specific regions. For example, Sobek, the crocodile god, was worshipped at Tebtunis, where archaeologists have excavated hundreds of crocodile mummies. Hathor, a cow-headed goddess, was associated with fertility and childbirth. Although people believed in the existence of any number of gods, they devoted their worship to the ones most relevant to their own regions, vocations and personal needs, often shifting the focus of their worship as their personal circumstances changed.\nOsiris is ..

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How did King Tut impact Egyptian civilization?

The country was in chaos after the death of Tutankhamun's father. Despite his young age, and probably on the advice of priests, Tutankhamun transferred the seat of power from Amarna back to Thebes, repealed unpopular changes his father had made in respect to the religion that the population should follow, and worked closely with advisers to ensure that ancient Egypt's status was restored in the region.\nHoward Carter discovered and opened the tomb of Tutankhamun in 1922. Among the manifold riches and other signs of extreme decadence were a number of ornate walking sticks. This fact, ..

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How was the nullification crisis resolved?

The nullification crisis came about when Congress passed a high tariff on imports of British textiles. This upset the Southerners, since the British needed fewer amounts of their raw cotton. The Southerners wanted to see a change, and expected Vice President John Calhoun to do something, since he was from South Carolina.Calhoun worked with South Carolina and issued "The Ordinance of Nullification" in 1832. It stated that a state could nullify a law in its territory if the state did not agree with the law, regardless of whether or not it was a federal law. In Congress, Henry Clay put a new tar..

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What were the weapons of the Nez Perce?

Bows and arrows were common weapons for the Nez Perce Indians, both for hunting and warfare. Bows could be long or short, and the arrows were almost always fletched to help them fly straighter. When used for hunting small game, such as birds, the arrows could be used without stone or bone arrowheads.\nSpears were also used for hunting and war. Spears were meant to be thrown at the target. Many Native American Indians used a launching device to hurl the spear even farther than it could be thrown. These spear throwers are called atlatls, and they provided so much extra power that a spear launche..

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How successful was the National Recovery Administration?

The purpose of the National Recovery Administration was to establish codes for businesses to follow that would provide minimum wages, limit the maximum number of hours worked and set prices and production levels. The intent was to stabilize the American economy by limiting destructive competition, increasing consumer purchasing power and putting unemployed workers back to work. By midsummer of the year it was formed, the new agency was able to accomplish the voluntary acceptance by more than 500 industries of new codes of fair practice. The new codes covered more than 20 million workers.The ag..

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