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What did Whitcomb L. Judson do in Chicago in 1893?

Elias Howe, who invented the sewing machine, had created an even earlier prototype of the zipper than Judson's. But Howe never attempted to patent or market his invention. So Judson is credited with the invention. Judson was already an accomplished inventor when he came up with the idea for his clasp locker several decades later. The clasp locker was exhibited at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, but did not become successful because it frequently malfunctioned or jammed. Gideon Sunbach, and engineer, refined Judson's invention in 1913. After Sunbach made the zipper more reliable, ..

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What are some Native American forms of transportation?

Native Americans walked to get wherever they needed to go on land. When needing to travel by water they used dugout canoes. Dugouts were made from the trunks of large trees, usually cottonwood trees, that were "dugout" or hollowed out using axes made of stone and carefully constructed fires. These canoes were heavy and were propelled through the water using long poles.\nHorses became popular when the Apache Tribe began to raid Spanish settlements for the beasts in the 1650s. The Apache traded the horses with other tribes resulting in the spread of the animal throughout the various Native Ameri..

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What were the origins of the first hospitals?

There is debate among scholars as to what constitutes the first historical example of a hospital. Religion was the dominant influence in the creation of hospitals until well after the Crusades were over, and the first recognizable hospitals were almost certainly founded and run by Christian orders such as the Brother Hospitallers of Saint John in Spain and France and the Benedictine monks of Europe.\nThe first modern hospitals in the Middle East were also established by religious figures in the name of aiding the sick and the poor. Massive Islamic hospitals were founded in Baghdad and Damascus..

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Why is Muhammad Ali considered the father of modern Egypt?

Pasha confiscated lands from feudal farms and the Cairo religious institutions, then used them to plant cotton, ordering all of the peasants to work in cotton to help generate the funds for his economic changes. Though he monopolized all of the major industries in Egypt, Pasha greatly improved the country through the creation of jobs and cash flow, the addition of a navy to Egypt's armed forces, the digging of a safe, new canal from Alexandria to the Nile, and the reform of educational institutions. He also re-instituted the trade roads to carry goods from Europe to India across land thro..

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When did sectional tensions over slavery increase?

The passing of the Missouri Compromise in 1820 was a critical juncture in the debate between the free North and slave-holding South over slavery in the United States. According the Library of Congress, Maine was admitted to the Union as a free state, while Missouri was admitted as a slave state. The Missouri Compromise was repealed in 1850 by the Kansas-Nebraska act, which left the issue of slavery to the residents of the new states. This resulted in much tension and bloodshed as pro- and anti-slavery settlers raced to settle Kansas.

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What was the outcome and controversy over the 1824 election?

Complicating the picture was the fact that speaker of the House of Representatives, Henry Clay, was also a presidential candidate in 1824. Clay, after the votes of Electoral College came in, was far from the lead in the race for president, securing a fourth-place finish. However, the task was left to him to choose a winner between the Adams and Jackson, who received nearly identical votes in the Electoral College. Although Jackson won by number, Clay ultimately selected Adams to take the White House and lead the nation. His announcement instantly drew criticism from opponents, as Clay was an o..

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What did Francesco Redi discover?

Redi helped disprove the idea of spontaneous generation by conducting experiments in which he sealed a jar with meat inside, placed netting over a second jar of meat and left a third jar open. The jar that was left open developed maggots. Flies were observed entering this jar and laying eggs on the meat. The sealed jar contained no maggots because it did not allow flies access to the meat to lay eggs. The jar with netting over it, even though it allowed air access to the meat, did not develop maggots because flies were unable to enter.

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What was the most important outcome of the Mongol Peace?

The Mongol Peace allowed trade along the Silk Road to flourish. Merchants from China, the Middle East and Europe could trade goods and technology with little or no harassment from marauders. Eastern and Western cultures connected and developed sustained relationships during this time of stability. The Mongol Peace made it possible for Marco Polo to travel to China and the court of Kublai Khan, and back to Europe.

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What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?

When General George Washington found out that British General Charles Cornwallis and his army were camped in Yorktown, Virginia, awaiting supplies, he marched south with an army of almost 9,000 Americans and 8,000 Frenchmen. At the same time, Rear Admiral Comte de Grasse sailed north from the Caribbean with a French fleet, blockading the British navy from resupplying Cornwallis. The American and French force besieged Yorktown, constantly bombarding the British with artillery fire and digging trenches closer and closer to the encircled army. The British held out for three weeks before surrender..

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When did World War II start?

The Nazis, or National Socialist Party, steadily rose to power in Germany for a number of years before the war. Adolf Hitler became Reich Chancellor in 1933 and self-appointed Fuhrer in 1934.When Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin in August 1939, British and French officials became worried about his intentions.Following the invasion and defeat of Poland, Allied and German navies were locked in a conflict that resulted in the sinking of over 100 vessels before the end of 1939.

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