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What are the differences between quartz and granite?

Granite is a type of igneous rock, which is formed when magma comes up from deep within the earth and hardens near the surface but not through the surface. The magma becomes granite when it cools slowly enough to allow quartz crystals to grow big enough that they can be seen with the naked eye. Feldspar, mica, amphiboles and other minerals are also found in granite. Depending of the ratio between mineral in a sample, the granite can be tinged red, pick, gray or white. Sometimes, dark veins of minerals coursing throughout the sample can also be found.\nQuartz is considered the most abundant min..

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Which animal cries tears when distressed like humans do?

After years of abuse in captivity, an elephant reportedly cried tears of relief and astonishment. In another case, an elephant calf at an animal reserve was observed crying inconsolably for hours after being rejected by its mother.\nDespite these occurrences, scientists have yet to show that animals have the social nature or the brain function necessary to process emotions. While animals may appear to show distress and even tears, it is unclear whether they are expressing an actual emotion while doing so.

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What are the seven taxa in biology?

At the highest commonly used level of taxa, organisms are divided into kingdoms. Plants, animals and fungi all exist within their own kingdoms. Phyla are similarly large groupings of organisms that, prior to the advent of modern genetics, were difficult to connect with each other in unified trees of descent. Chordata is the phylum that contains all vertebrates.\nThe next level down is class. Classes of organisms may be monophyletic if all members share a common ancestor, or polyphyletic if some members are more closely related to outgroups. Mammals are a monophyletic class, as are birds, but r..

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Why are Saturn's rings so noticeable?

Saturn's rings are made of particles of ice and rock that are caught in orbit around the planet. Jupiter, Neptune and Uranus also have rings, though they are more difficult to see. If scientists are correct in their speculations, this would mean that their rings are older than the rings of Saturn.\nGalileo was the first to view Saturn through a telescope in 1610. He incorrectly identified the rings of Saturn as separate planetary bodies. This mistake was corrected in 1659 by Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens, who viewed the rings using a more powerful telescope.\nSaturn is the sixth pla..

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What are the three types of volcanoes?

Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are created from repeated explosive eruptions of airborne lava fragments and pure lava. This type of volcano is the largest form.\nShield volcanoes form from non-explosive eruptions of lava that is in a flowing state. This type of volcano is found in the Hawaiian islands.\nCinder cones are a type of volcano formed from lava being forcefully blown up into the air and breaking into fragments.

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What makes something organic?

Scientists previously considered the carbon atom as the primary element of life due to its unique bonding property that allows the element to combine with four other atoms. This characteristic makes it possible for carbon to form complex substances that were inherently found in all types of organisms. However, the discovery of carbon compounds in non-living matter has led scientists to redefine the meaning of "organic."The four essential organic bio-molecules that are present in living organisms are classified into four major groups: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. These mol..

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What is an acid according to Arrhenius?

These definitions were developed in 1884 by Svante Arrhenius, a chemist from Sweden.\nThe Arrhenius definition of acids and bases is one of two regularly accepted definitions. The other is the Bronsted-Lowry definition, which describes an acid as any compound that gives off protons in an aqueous solution and a base as a compound that accepts additional protons.

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What is the composition of Jupiter?

Jupiter may have an ocean of liquid hydrogen beneath the gases. It is liquid because of the immense pressures and temperatures so far beneath the planet's surface. The pressure may be so intense that it strips the hydrogen of its electrons and makes it conductive. Above the liquid hydrogen may be a type of hydrogen that is in neither a gaseous nor fluid state.\nThe predominant gases in Jupiter's atmosphere are approximately 90 percent hydrogen and 10 percent helium. Other trace gases include methane, ammonia, ethanol, water vapor, acetylene, phosphine, carbon monoxide, germanium and ..

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Is vinegar a compound or a mixture?

As a widely available acid, vinegar is used in cleaning, cooking and industrially. The most commonly used cleaning or industrial vinegar is distilled white vinegar. There are many varieties used exclusively for cooking including balsamic, fruit wine, Chinese black, apple cider and beer vinegars. Each has a unique flavor suited for a different cuisine type. For instance, balsamic vinegar is highly acidic and also highly sweet, which gives it a balanced flavor suitable for use in Italian cuisine.

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What are some facts about the anatomy of the human wrist?

The wide range of motion of the hand is due to the bones, ligaments and supporting structures in the wrist, explains eOrthopod.The wrist contains eight small carpal bones divided into two rows. The proximal row of bones, comprised of the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum, connects the radius and ulna to the metacarpals in the hand. The distal row of bones contains the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate and pisiform bones and is located closer to the fingers. The wrist is supported by two important ligaments called the collateral ligaments, which help to form a joint capsule around the eight ..

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