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What is the formula for mercury(I) chloride?

The Roman numeral number in mercury(I) shows the charge of +1 on a mercury ion, for a total charge of +2 on the two ions in Hg2Cl2. That charge is balanced out by the -1 charge on the chloride ion, for a total charge of -2. Balancing the charges gives the molecule a neutral charge. Mercury(I) chloride is a solid with a molar mass of 472.09 grams per mole.

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What are some characteristics of pure water?

Pure water freezes at 32 F (0 C) and boils at 212 F (100 C). The presence of a solute, such as sodium chloride, depresses the freezing point and elevates the boiling point. Similarly, the presence of a solute alters the conductivity of water. Pure water is an insulator, meaning it does not conduct electricity. However, the addition of certain salts increases the conductivity of water, allowing electrical current to flow through.

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What is the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom?

Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, and the electrons orbit this center. Splitting or fusing nuclei can release large amounts of nuclear energy.\nNuclear fission, the process of splitting the nucleus of an atom, is the system of energy release used in nuclear power plants. Breaking apart a uranium atom releases particles called fission products. These particles create a chain reaction that causes further atoms to split. The resulting heat generates steam, which drives turbines and stores electricity in generators. About 15 percent of..

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How does acid rain affect seed germination?

Acid rain is harmful to plants through all stages of growth. The germination rate, germination velocity, root length and many other measures of growth are negatively affected by acid rain. Acid rain increases the amount of toxins in the soil and the surrounding atmosphere. Free lead, aluminum, copper and other toxic metals are more prevalent in the soil with the presence of acid rain. Acid rain also lowers the pH balance of soil, which affects the population of microorganisms that break down organic material. Since this process is necessary for releasing nutrients into the soil, it results in ..

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How does noise pollution affect the environment?

Sound plays a key role in the ecosystem. The National Park Service indicates that the acoustical environment affects wildlife in terms of its ability to find adequate habitat, avoid predators, protect young, locate food and attract a mate. As noise pollution from human beings in the form of motor vehicle and airplane traffic among other causes increases, wildlife is forced to adapt in ways that are not sustainable. For example researchers discovered that the males of a particular frog species began calling at a higher pitch in an effort to distinguish their calls from traffic noise. However, t..

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Why are deserts important?

Many birds not indigenous to deserts use the arid lands as migratory paths, stopping for sustenance at oases along the way. Threats that come from the spread of grassland and human use of resources from the oases place these species at risk.\nDeserts are the primary source of table salt, borates, potassium and sodium nitrates and gypsum. Soda, nitrates and boron are the most common evaporite minerals that appear only in deserts. Approximately half of the world's stores of fossil fuels come from desert lands, including oil and natural gas, and about half of the world's diamonds, coppe..

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What was the name of Democritus' atomic model?

Before the Democritus model, ancient philosophers believed that everything was made up of either earth, wind, water or fire. Around 400 B.C., Democritus created this first model of the atom, believing that the atom was the smallest particle of matter. Democritus theorized that atoms are solid, indestructible and unique. He created the name "atom" from the Greek word "atomos," which means "uncuttable."

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What is the relationship between air pressure and wind direction?

The driving force behind changes in air pressure and therefore the creation of wind is gravity. Gravity creates air pressure through the compression of the atmosphere. The force that creates these changes in air pressure is known as the Pressure Gradient Force and is driven by changes in the temperature of the earth's surface.\nThe movement of air from warm to cold areas causes a rotation of air, or wind. Warm air is less dense than cold air and accumulates at lower altitudes while denser, colder air accumulates at the poles. Changes in air pressure also determine the speed of wind. As ai..

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Lakes are home to which animals?

A lake is a large body of freshwater that is fed by streams and rivers. Other living things, such as plants, fish, insects and even hippos, live in lakes. Lakes also serve as temporary homes to migrating birds.Pollution, erosion and pesticides can cause disruption and upset the balance in lake water, destroying the natural habitat of thousands of animals who live in lakes all around the world.

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How does water move?

The hydrologic cycle involves the water on Earth's surface being evaporated by the Sun's rays. This turns it into a gaseous form that gathers together as clouds, allowing it to shift around Earth through wind movement. The water then becomes a liquid again through condensation. Water can also become ice, allowing it to form glaciers or icebergs that float on the sea.

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