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What are some examples of a voluntary action?

Voluntary actions are different from involuntary actions in that some form of thought must be given to voluntary actions. Involuntary actions, or reflex actions, include breathing and sneezing.Voluntary actions were first described by Aristotle in his book "Nicomachean Ethics." In his book, he categorizes actions into three groups: voluntary, involuntary, and nonvoluntary. He believed voluntary actions were those driven by a person's passions, desires and ambition. The person carrying out these actions must be fully aware of the choices he or she makes.

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What relationship was Confucianism most based on?

Confucius, who lived from 551 to 479 B.C., put forward five relationships as most important: a loving father and reverential son; a gentle elder brother and a respectful younger brother; a good husband and a wife who listens well; a considerate older friend and a deferential younger friend; and a benevolent ruler and loyal subject. Family is the basic unit of society, as denoted in the first three relationships.\nWhen a person reveres and respects his parents, he may then extend this concept of hsiao to family, friends and people and society in general.

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What are some sources of free Bible study lessons?

The BibleGateway.com free online tools include Bible commentaries such as the well-known Matthew Henry's commentary, dictionaries, Halley's Bible Handbook and notes from various versions of study Bibles.\nThe BackToTheBible.org website includes such tools as a mobile app, audio sermons, Bible reading plans, devotionals and printable Bible studies. Each study contains multiple lessons with written commentary and study materials to read, including verses referenced in the material, followed by study questions to answer.\nKJVHeartHelps.com offers a large selection of downloadable course..

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What are three causes of the Great Schism in Christianity?

The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed originally referenced the Holy Spirit as proceeding only from the Father. However, the addition of the term "filoque" in the West implied that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son. Michael Cerularius, who was patriarch of Constantinople at the time of the Great Schism, disagreed with this inclusion, prompting him to excommunicate any bishops who followed the Western ritual of using the term and close their churches. This action infuriated Pope Leo I in Rome.\nAlthough Pope Leo insisted that Cerularius submit to his authority, Cerularius ..

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What is a good Novena prayer for St. Theresa?

"My Novena Rose Prayer" asks Theresa to pick a flower from heaven and send it to the person offering the prayer on earth with Theresa's love. The prayer goes on to ask Theresa to help the person praying to believe in God's love as Theresa believes in God's love. The prayer also includes a time to ask for individual, unique requests.\nSimilarly, "St. Therese Novena Day One" tells God that he blesses Theresa because of Theresa's great ability to love. The prayer asks God to help the person praying to love children as Theresa loves children. The prayer ends by asking God to ma..

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What was Nelson Mandela's religion?

A contributing factor to the confusion over his religion is the fact that his wife and several other family members are Jehovah's Witnesses. Another confounding factor was that Nelson Mandela was known for speaking little about his faith except through the lens of unification in his home country of South Africa. However, interviews conducted with his family members show that he was a Methodist.

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Why are observations important?

Observation has been used by scientists since at least as early as ancient Greece. Observations of earthworms led many philosophers and scientists to learn how to identify and quantify results of scientific studies. This form of inquisition helped lead scientists to be able to test new theories as different methods of observation were developed. New forms of observation occur as technology advances. This broadens the capacity for observation and scientific inquiry.\nObservation is not limited to scientists. It is also one of the primary ways in which humans and animals learn how to interact in..

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What are some basic counseling techniques?

Reflection is a technique through which the counselor restates the client's message by reflecting the feelings within the message. Reflection provides an opportunity for the client to acknowledge and confront the feelings behind the spoken words. When the counselor paraphrases or repeats back what the client is saying, but in different words and blended with the counselor's understanding, the intent is to enable the client to focus on and process more clearly the meaning of what he has said. When summarizing, the counselor reviews the key points of what the client has said during the..

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Why are ethics important in research?

Safety is the basis of ethical research. If research is found to be not ethically sound, then it means that part of it was performed in a violent or detrimental way or that the results of the research could hurt the public, such as an unsafe new drug.\nEthics play a role in research for its entire life, from its first brainstorming to its administration out into the public or in writing. It is especially pertinent in the testing phases because this is when humans and animals come in, and safety and comfort must be taken into consideration. Unsafe testing methods, such as hurting the test subje..

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Why do the dates of Jewish holidays change?

Each lunar cycle, from no moon to full moon and back, lasts approximately 29.5 days. Twelve lunar cycles make the Jewish year 354 days, rather than the Gregorian 365 days. This puts the two calendars 11 days out of sync each year, making holidays fall on different dates. To keep Jewish festivals properly aligned with the seasons, an entire extra month is added every two or three years. In this way, Passover remains in the spring and Sukkot in the fall, even if their Gregorian dates may vary by as much as a month. During the ancient era, months were added as needed rather than sticking to a spe..

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