How do electromagnetic loudspeakers work?

Electromagnetic loudspeakers produce variable sounds through the movement of the cone. This cone, from which the sound is projected, is mounted on an iron coil (or voice coil), which is either attracted by or repelled from the loudspeaker's internal magnet, depending on whether electrical signals are flowing back or forth through the cables.

This mechanism is similar to the functioning of a drum, whereby sound is produced from the up and down vibration of the drum's skin. The cone, or diaphragm, of electromagnetic loudspeakers is itself similar in composition to a drum skin, typically being made from fabric, plastic, paper or lightweight metal.