What is gluten made of?

Gluten is made of water-insoluble proteins that can be found in wheat and cereal grains. It is made of proteins called gliadin and glutenin. Gluten is found in flour, and makes it possible for breads to rise.

Many common foods contain gluten including pasta, bread, flour tortillas, cookies and cakes. All wheat-based flours must be avoided by those with gluten-intolerances. However, there are lots of gluten-free foods including nuts, beans, and fruits.

Gluten is made up of chain-like molecules that trap carbon dioxide and expand as the gas expands. Its properties also enable it to be used in some adhesives and high-protein breakfast foods.