Why is water important to plants?

Plants normally use water in various processes including photosynthesis, transpiration, support system and nutrient distribution. Without a sufficient supply of water, plants may not develop well and some may even die.

Water is often referred to as the element of life since it is necessary for any form of life to thrive. Plants are living things and require water in order to grow well and reproduce. Below are some specific reasons why water is vital to plants.

• Photosynthesis - this is the process through which plants manufacture their own food. Plants use water to manufacture carbohydrates, which are essential for energy supply throughout the plant. If water is insufficient, plants may not be able to make enough food to sustain healthy growth.
• Transpiration - this is the process through which plants lose water into the atmosphere. Water is usually lost through very tiny holes on the leaves called stomata. As water is lost, it evaporates into the atmosphere, causing a cooling effect around the plant. This ensures that the plant's temperature is kept in balance. If the plant's temperature is too high, its cells may start dying.
• Nutrient distribution - each part of the plant requires various nutrients in order to develop well. Water helps the plant in transportation of nutrients.