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What is meant by the quantization of energy?

The quantum hypothesis was first introduced by the German physicist, Max Planck, in 1900. His theory was presented as a means of explaining why the changing levels of energy emitted from the surface of a heated body did not follow a smooth curve relative to the degree of that body's temperature change. This could not be explained by the classical laws of physics. Planck developed a mathematical model which described the quantized change in energy emission or absorption that was based on a constant now known as the "Planck constant."In 1905, Albert Einstein used Planck's constant to d..

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What are the pKa values for phosphoric acid?

The pKa value measures the acidity of a solution based on how the hydrogen ions of the acid dissociate when added to an aqueous solution. Since phosphoric acid, represented by the molecular formula H3PO4, has three hydrogen atoms, it dissociates three times, into H2PO4-, HPO42- and PO43-. The pKa value is based on the Ka value, which is called the acid dissociation constant.

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What are the names of Mercury's moons?

A planet's moon is a naturally occurring satellite that rotates around that planet. As of June 2014, there are 146 moons in the solar system that have been confirmed, while confirmation on others is pending. This count does not take into consideration the moons of the dwarf planets. Earth has one moon, while Jupiter and Saturn have 50 (with 17 more in the confirmation process) and 53 (with nine waiting for confirmation) moons respectively. The largest known moon, Ganymede, belongs to Jupiter

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What happens if the world runs out of helium?

The most important quality of helium is its low boiling point. In other words, it works incredibly well for cooling electronics that heat up very fast. Helium is crucial for MRI machines and liquid crystal displays, or LCD screens. It is also used in fiber optics, which makes it an important part of the telecommunications industry.NASA even uses helium for its rockets. Airships use it for cooling, and it's mixed with other gases to create air tanks for deep-sea diving. Perhaps most ominously, helium helps cool nuclear reactors (although it's certainly not the only method).The trouble..

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What are common uses of lead?

Lead is a natural metal that is available in quite an abundance, which means that it is used in many common items. Due to its poisonous qualities, lead compounds are not allowed in some products. This includes paint and other items that humans may consume or come into contact with. This varies based on country. While lead paint is banned in the U.S., it is used in other countries like Cameroon.\nBatteries are the most common use of lead. In fact, lead-acid batteries make up about two-thirds of lead that is used in the United States.

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What are some characteristics of ash trees?

Ash trees are in the family genus Fraxinus. The trees are native to the eastern and central regions North America, and are found in hardwood forests from Nova Scotia, Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Ash trees are hearty in nature and have a high tolerance for different environments, hence the reason why they are a common sight in many neighborhoods.\nBlack ash trees are native to the Northern United States and Canada and thrive in environments that get plenty of rainfall. White ash trees are native to Eastern North America, and the barks are light gray and are ideal for providing shade in the su..

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Which type of synapse dominates the nervous system?

Chemical synapses possess a special type of membrane-bound organelle called a synaptic vesicle in the presynaptic terminal. These organelles are spherical and filled with neurotransmitters, which are chemical signaling agents that act as messengers between communicating neurons. These neurotransmitters are secreted by presynaptic neurons and are the reason for naming chemical synapses by that name. Examples of neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, glutamate, aspartate and nitric oxide.\nDifferent neurotransmitters are used by the chemical synapses in specific parts of the nervous system. Ac..

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What are some animals native to Asia?

The Arabian camel, also known as the dromedary, boasts a single hump and lives exclusively in the deserts of the Middle East and North Africa. The Bactrian camel has two humps and lives not only in specific deserts, but the steppes or grasslands of Asia as well. The Asian or Indian elephant, an endangered species, ranges throughout Southeastern Asia from Indian south to Malaysia and Sri Lanka.\nBoth the red panda and the giant panda are native to Asia. The giant panda, an endangered species, lives exclusively in the bamboo forests of China and feeds on bamboo plants. The red panda lives in Asi..

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What are some examples of carnivorous animals?

Carnivores, particularly predators, have certain physical characteristics that enable them to be effective hunters and eaters. For one, they have powerful jaws, which allow them to bite and hold their prey. They also have teeth that are well-designed to tear meat from their prey, and they particularly have sharp incisors and canines.\nIn the animal kingdom, carnivores are secondary consumers. Those that kill their food are referred to as predators, whereas those that eat animals that have been killed by predators or have died naturally are called scavengers. Examples of scavengers include hye..

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What is electromagnetic induction?

Electromagnetic induction makes use of the chemical properties of certain materials known as conductors. Conductors have free electrons, which are electrons loosely bound to the outer shell of their host atoms. These electrons, when dislodged, flow through the conductor, resulting in electrical current. While the induced current is important and extremely useful by itself, electromagnetic induction has many other uses as well.\nInduction is in use in many forms and applications, from computer chips to doorbells. The induced magnetic field is used to close circuits, such as with relays, and it ..

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