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What class of biological molecule do guanine, adenine, cytosine and thymine all belong to?

Guanine and adenine belong to the purines, while thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines. A major difference between the two types of nitrogenous bases is their ring structures: Purines have two rings, whereas pyrimidines have a single ring.\nNItrogenous bases make up the rungs of the DNA ladder structure. Chargaff's base-pairing rules dictate that two bases pair with one another — a purine to a pyrimidine. In DNA, adenine usually pairs with thymine and cytosine connects to guanine. Two purines cannot join together because the resulting rung would be too long; in the same vein, two pyrimid..

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What are some puns for the elements of the periodic table?

Another pun is "Someone must be protactinium or they would have already had to barium in a krypton," because protactinium, barium and krypton are elements that sound like "protecting him," "bury him" and "crypt," respectively. "Perhaps nothing is going to curium, helium or iridium of his need to be a bohrium" is a pun because curium, helium, iridium and bohrium are elements that sound like "cure him," "heal him," "rid him" and "bore."\nAnother pun is "Most of his brain cells argon and he needs to find a new way to earn a living; he's no Einsteinium but that manganese-ily trap beavers and ..

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Do females have an extra rib?

According to the Biblical story found in Genesis, God first created Adam, then Eve. According to Answers in Genesis, God created Eve from one of Adam's ribs. As a result, some have thought that all men have one fewer rib than women. Even if the story of Eve's creation is taken to be literally true, it does not indicate that women would always have an extra rib; it only means that Adam had, after that moment, one less rib than Eve.

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What animals eat black widow spiders?

While they are hunted by larger and more powerful predators, black widow spiders also feed on an assortment of creatures. Their prey ranges from small insects, such as grasshoppers and caterpillars, to larger creatures, such as mice. They will also occasionally resort to cannibalism. Once its prey is stuck in a web, a black widow can inject the prey with enzymes. These enzymes break the prey down into a liquid state, making it easier for the spider to consume.

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How is the sun different from other stars?

Size is another major difference between the sun and other stars. The sun is the biggest star in this solar system. Within the whole universe, the sun is quite small compared to the enormous stars that exist beyond our solar system. The largest star that scientists have discovered is called Mu Cephei. Over one billion of Earth's suns could fit inside of Mu Cephei. This massive star is considered to be a giant in the universe.\nStars also differ in temperature. Temperature differences can be interpreted using color changes. Stars that burn red and orange are much cooler in temperature than..

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What happens when a garbage dump is filled?

One of the primary components of a landfill is the drainage system, which is designed to prevent liquid that leaks from the landfill, called leachate, from contaminating local water supplies. Landfills continue to leak this liquid even when they're not in use, so operators continue monitoring the landfill for leaks.\nThe waste contained in landfills breaks down over time due to anaerobic bacterial reactions, and this process produces a number of gases, included methane, which is the primary component of natural gas. Large landfills often have piping that funnels this gas to a point where ..

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How do coconut trees reproduce?

One side of the coconut features a point, and while people and other animals pick up quite a few of the coconuts that fall out of trees, others remain on the ground, and the point eventually is at the lower end of the coconut, thanks to the work of gravity. As cycles of rain and sun continue, and the soil shifts, the coconut eventually ends up with the point below the ground and at least half of the coconut below the level of the soil.\nAt this point, the growth process starts inside the coconut, and eventually a seedling appears from the top. Over time, the seedling grows, turning into a tree..

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What is the IR spectrum of isopentyl acetate?

According to Chemguide, each molecule that is chemically distinct will reflect infrared of different wavelengths than any other molecule. When plotted on a graph, the uniqueness of reflected wavelengths between one type of molecule and a completely different type of molecule forms a "fingerprint," which can be used to differentiate one chemical from another.

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What is nuclear fission used for?

Fission is an efficient way to generate electricity; 7 to 8 million volts of electrical input generates 200 million volts of electrical output. Despite its efficiency, nuclear fission power is not widely deployed due to safety concerns. The risks of nuclear fission power are accidents and radiation leaks while the reactors are in use, as well as hazards associated with disposing of leftover nuclear materials.\nWhile the risks of nuclear reactors are real, it is not possible for a reactor accident to cause the same damage a nuclear weapon does. This is because the radioactive materials in weapo..

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What are some pieces of common lab equipment?

Lab workers or students use a variety of glass or plastic vessels to store different substances. For example, graduated cylinders are labeled with units for measuring liquids. Beakers and test tubes are multipurpose vessels for mixing, while Erlenmeyer flasks have a narrow mouth to keep substances contained during observation.\nSince observation is an important aspect of conducting experiments, labs need special containers and equipment that let workers investigate substances and specimens up close. Microscopes and magnifying glasses make small substances appear larger for easy observation, wh..

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