Science

Refine Search

Where does stainless steel come from?

In 1913, English metallurgist Harry Brearly, who was working on a project to improve rifle barrels, discovered that adding chromium to low carbon steel gives it stain resistance. The addition of a minimum of 12 percent chromium to the steel is what makes it resist rust, or stain "less" compared to other types of steel.\nThe chromium in the steel combines with the oxygen in the atmosphere to form a thin, invisible layer of chrome-containing oxide, which is called passive film. As the sizes of chromium atoms and their oxides are similar, they pack tightly together on the surface of the metal, fo..

Continue Reading

Why is solar energy good?

Solar energy is the largest source of renewable energy in the United States. It is harnessed directly from the sun and used to produce electricity or heat water, meaning that its availability is virtually unlimited. Solar panels in the US generate 3,100 megawatts annually, according to Clean Line Energy Partners, and this production of power helps keep up with the growing energy demands. Solar panels are also an affordable way to harness energy, with prices of installation dropping in the last several years.\nBenefits of solar energy are not limited to the homeowner. This source of power is al..

Continue Reading

What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

The endocrine system works in conjunction with the nervous system to exert control over various functions in the body. While the nervous system is responsible for more rapid responses, the endocrine system produces more long-term effects. The glands of the endocrine system produce hormones that affect only specific types of cells. Once a hormone reaches the target cell, it binds to a site on the cell called a receptor. Once bound to a receptor, the hormone initiates activity within the cell.\nThe hypothalamus and pituitary gland work in conjunction to control the other glands. The pituitary gl..

Continue Reading

Where does the greatest amount of digestion and absorption take place?

Chyme from the stomach enters the C-shaped duodenum, where the intestinal wall secretes bile, pancreatic juice and other enzymes. These fluids neutralize stomach acids and break down fats, oils, proteins and carbohydrates. The nutrients and byproducts go to the coiled jejunum for absorption, and any remaining products go to the ileum for excretion.

Continue Reading

Why is limestone important?

Limestone is a sedimentary rock that is primarily composed of calcium carbonate, also known as calcite, or the double carbonate of calcium and magnesium, also known as dolomite. It is common for limestone to contain tiny fossils, shell fragments and other fossilized debris. Some varieties of limestone contain extremely fine grain. Limestone is typically gray, but it can also be white, yellow or brown. During major geological events, limestone deposits sometimes undergo metamorphism and recrystallize as marble.

Continue Reading

How heavy is water?

Having substrates or salt in the water also influences the weight of water. The mass of the substrate determines how much the water's weight is increased. Since water dissolves more substances than any other liquid, having other compounds suspended in water is common. The molar mass of water is calculated by adding the molar mass of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. The molar mass of oxygen is 16 grams, and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1.008 grams. Calculating 16 + 2(1.008) gives water's molar mass of 18.016 grams.

Continue Reading

How many atoms are in NaCl?

In the ionic bonding of sodium chloride, the sodium loses an electron to become a positive ion, while chlorine receives an electron to form a negative ion. Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points.The molecular weight of sodium chloride is 58.44 grams per mole. You find this molecular weight by adding the atomic masses of sodium and chloride, which are 22.99 grams per mole and 35.45 grams per mole, respectively.

Continue Reading

What is the definition of "astrophysics"?

Astrophysics involves the study of the chemical composition, density, temperature and brightness of cosmic objects. Photography and spectroscopy are applied in the study of the universe during astronomical research processes. Astrophysics also entails the study of the interior and atmospheric physics of cosmic objects. The goal of astrophysics is to study and comprehend the history of the galaxy and the formation of planetary systems.

Continue Reading

How many inches is 60 centimeters?

The inch and the centimeter are both units of length. The inch is the customary unit in the imperial system used in the United States, while the centimeter is used in the metric system. Other units in the imperial system are the foot (equal to 12 inches), the yard (equal to 3 feet) and the mile (equal to 5,280 feet). Additional units in the metric system are the meter (equal to 100 centimeters) and the kilometer (equal to 1,000 meters).

Continue Reading

What is the pH of the small intestine?

The most acidic part of the human gastrointestinal tract is the stomach, which is generally around pH 1 to pH 3. The high acidity in the stomach fights bacteria that are ingested with food. As the distance increases from the stomach, the pH level gradually increases. The large intestine is pH 5.5 to pH 7.

Continue Reading
Showing 6691 to 6700 of 10000 (1000 Pages)