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What is a blue dwarf star?

The idea of a blue star comes from the fact that stars increase in luminosity as they get older. As a star gets brighter, it needs to give off more energy to reach equilibrium. A star that is larger than a red dwarf can do this by getting larger and turning into a red giant, but red dwarfs with very small solar mass are believed to increase their radiative rate and increase their surface temperature to become blue.\nOnce it exhausts its supply of hydrogen, a blue dwarf becomes a white dwarf and eventually turns into a black dwarf, according to Wikipedia. The blue dwarf star is based on theoret..

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What substances make up crude oil?

Crude oil needs to be refined to remove the impurities, yielding energy-rich fuels like diesel and gasoline as well as useful substances like paraffin wax. The smallest hydrocarbon is methane, which is a gas. Chains with five or more carbons are liquids at room temperature. Very long chains are solids. The main classes of hydrocarbons include aromatics, paraffin, naphthenes and alkenes.

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How is relative humidity measured in a greenhouse?

Humidity is generally measured in terms of relative humidity, or RH, which refers to the quantity of moisture in the atmosphere with respect to the maximum amount of water vapor the air can contain at a particular temperature. RH forms an inverse relationship with temperature, where increasing temperatures lead to decreasing RH.Plants measure humidity in terms of vapor pressure deficit, or VPD. Low VPD indicates a high RH, usually greater than 90 percent. High VPD denotes a low RH, typically below 50 percent. High and low levels of VPD may cause deprivation of essential nutrients required for ..

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Is CCI4 polar or nonpolar?

Carbon tetrachloride has a central carbon atom surrounded by four chlorine atoms in a tetrahedral shape. The four carbon-chlorine bonds are spaced symmetrically in 109.5 degree angles around the carbon atom. Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon. Therefore in each carbon-chlorine bond, the bonded electron pair draws closer to the chlorine atom, making each bond polar.\nDespite having four polar bonds, the molecule itself is nonpolar because of its symmetry, which allows the bond polarities to cancel each other out, leaving the molecule with no net dipole moment.

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What is a negatively charged particle called?

All of the electrons found in an atom balance out the protons of the atom. Protons are the positively charged particles in the atom's nucleus. The electrons are found in clouds surrounding the nucleus and they move at a very rapid pace. Electrons play a large part in creating different chemical bonds. An electrovalent bond is created by transferring an electron from one atom to another. Covalent bonding takes place when two or more atoms share electrons in a cloud.

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What are some pros and cons of quarrying?

Quarries offer the much needed job opportunities in areas where meaningful employment is hard to come by. Quarrying provides an avenue for income generation. The increase in income implies that more money is injected into the local economy. This money can be invested in improving infrastructures such as markets, schools and health care. This leads to improvement of the community welfare. The expansion of quarrying industries means more need for large trucks and lorries, which triggers road improvement. Landscaping of the quarry site after exhausting the quarry product may improve the area’s ..

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What are the pros and cons of the MTHFR gene mutation?

Homocystinuria is a suite of around 40 MTHFR gene mutations that causes faulty production of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme, says the Genetics Home Reference. Some mutations result in the formation of a nonfunctional form of the enzyme, while others cause it to be inactive. Researchers are still studying the effects of homocystinuria on the body.\nAnencephaly is a neural tube defect the occurs during brain and spinal cord formation, reports the Genetics Home Reference. Those affected have poorly formed or absent skull bones and sometimes are missing significant areas of their b..

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What is the shortest day of the year called?

The length of the day is caused by the tilting of the planet. This makes the sun's path lower in the sky. It also means that the sun does not rise directly in the east nor set exactly in the west. It rises and sets more to the south of those directions. Every day following the winter solstice, the sun moves a little higher in the sky, lengthening the days leading up to the summer solstice in June.

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What is net force?

In nature, every force is opposed by other forces, such as friction or opposing gravitational forces. Forces can produce acceleration only if they are greater than the total opposing forces. If a force pushes an object but is matched by friction, the object does not accelerate. Likewise, if a force pushes against gravity but is less than the gravitational force on an object, it does not accelerate. For example, if a 15-Newton push on an object is opposed by a 10-Newton friction force, the object accelerates as if pushed by a 5-Newton net force without friction.

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What are some harmful effects of bacteria?

Bacteria are microscopic organisms that live naturally inside the human body. They aid in things like digestion and are needed for healthy bodily functions. However, not all bacteria are beneficial and one of the most common problems caused by harmful bacteria is foodborne illness.In the United States, foodborne illnesses, most of which are caused by harmful bacteria, affect around 48 million people annually. This is often due to improper food handling, but harmful bacteria can be found throughout any stage of food production from harvesting or slaughter all the way to food storage in the home..

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