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What is the function of the sensory system?

Six senses are commonly accepted as being accessible to humans and many animals: sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch and proprioception. That last sense is the ability to know where the parts of the body are in relation to one another at all times. Each sensory organ has nerve receptors attached to it that are designed to transmit signals. For example, the eyes contain photoreceptors for light, the nose and tongue contain chemoreceptors for chemicals, and the skin contains mechanoreceptors for movement, pressure and related sensations. Sensory neurons operate on the all-or-nothing principle; t..

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How does science work?

Science begins through observation. A phenomenon is observed, which causes the observer to ask a question. After a question has been refined, a hypothesis, or an educated guess, is formed. Hypotheses aim to predict an answer based on background research. Researchers often formulate multiple hypotheses that attempt to identify the cause of the observed phenomenon. Hypotheses are testable guesses that may be proven wrong through experimentation.\nAfter hypotheses are formulated, a tester attempts to predict the outcome of the experiment. Testing is performed following the prediction phase. It in..

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Where does diffusion take place in the lungs?

This gaseous exchange happens when the blood found in the capillaries that surround the alveoli in the lungs has lower oxygen concentrations compared to the oxygen inhaled. A similar process occurs with carbon dioxide (CO2). However, CO2 diffuses in the opposite way to oxygen, as the blood located in the capillaries contains higher concentrations of carbon dioxide compared to the inspired air. The inspired air is a type of waste product associated with energy production.

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What is a biuret solution?

It is common for biuret tests to detect some protein in human urine, but when the result of several tests is consistently beyond normal levels, it indicates a potential kidney problem. Excess protein can also result from conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnant women.

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How does rusting occur?

Water acts as the main catalyst during rusting. Hydrogen atoms within water molecules amalgamate with other elements to form acids. These acids expose the metal surface, while oxygen atoms react with iron atoms to form a destructive oxide compound. The entire process is accelerated if it occurs in acid rain or salt water. Rusting weakens iron, causing its structure to become brittle. Thinner metals, such as steel wool, are more prone to rusting. The iron bonds are eventually destroyed, causing it to disintegrate. There are various ways metal is treated to prevent the destructive effects of rus..

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What are the windward and leeward sides of a mountain?

As air passes across the windward side of the mountain, most of the moisture is drawn out of it. This is because the air cools as it rises up the slope of the mountain and condenses, leading to clouds and rain. On the leeward side of the mountain, the climate is warmer and drier; as the air moves down the opposite side of the mountain, it loses its moisture and warms up. Scientists call this the rain shadow effect.

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What is 3/4 of a teaspoon equivalent to?

Likewise, 3/4 U.S. teaspoon is 0.23 cubic inch, while 3/4 imperial teaspoon is 0.27 cubic inch.\nU.S. teaspoons are slightly smaller than imperial teaspoons; there are 1.2 teaspoons in an imperial teaspoon. Three-quarters of a U.S. teaspoon is equal to 0.62 imperial teaspoon, and 3/4 imperial teaspoon is 0.9 U.S. teaspoon.\nCommon abbreviations for the teaspoon include "t." or "tsp."

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Where are stomata found?

Stomata are bordered on each side by specialized guard cells that regulate the size of the opening of the pore. Air and carbon dioxide enter into these pores and are used in the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. The byproduct of these processes is oxygen, which is diffused into the atmosphere through these same pores in a process called transpiration.\n\nThe number of stomata that are present on a plant and the size of the openings vary depending on the plant’s environment, including the amount of light and the average temperature. Most of the stomata can be found in the lower por..

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How big is a cord of wood?

The amount of wood purchased in a cord varies depending upon how tightly the pieces of wood are stacked. Split wood can be stacked tighter than wood that has not been split, meaning that a cord of split wood contains more potential energy than a cord of unsplit wood. This energy difference and the expense of additional processing usually increases the cost of the split cord.

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What are the parts and functions of a theodolite?

Contemporary surveyors use electronic digital theodolites in their work. The telescope of a theodolite allows the user to view the target object easily. An adjustable tripod lets the mechanism stand on uneven ground. A leveling mechanism allows users to take accurate angle measurements. A compass or GPS system measures precise locations on construction sites.Old theodolites are mounted on A-frames with leveling plates and a weighted plumb bob. The A-frame lets the telescope tilt up and down. Leveling plates keep the device from tilting. A plumb bob measures possible discrepancies on the ground..

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