When was the ancient Persian government established?

Persia became an empire during the rule of Cyrus the Great in the middle of the sixth century B.C. However, Persian society was evident in the ancient Middle East as early as the ninth century B.C.

Prior to the sixth century B.C., Persian rulers were vassals of the Assyrian Empire. Cyrus the Great became king in 559 B.C. and united the Persians with the Medes, creating the Persian Achaemenid Empire. He expanded the empire by taking the ancient city of Babylon and conquering Syria, Assyria, Cappadocia, Lydia, Caria and Phoenicia. The Achaemenid Empire lasted until Alexander the Great’s conquest of Persia in 330 B.C.