How does exercise affect the bones and joints?

The medical community has long agreed that exercise is good for the body's overall health and fitness, but MedlinePlus explains that regular exercise is known to reduce the effects of aging on bones and joints. Engaging in a moderate exercise program improves flexibility, keeps joints limber and helps bones stay strong.

A New York Times article explains that exercise is crucial for preventing the natural degeneration of the bones and joints that occurs during the aging process. Osteoarthritis is the most notable example of the deleterious effect of aging on joints and bones. Patients with osteoarthritis who perform low-impact aerobics and strength training often see reduced degeneration and a decrease in pain. Long periods without exercise cause the joints to lock up and the adjoining tissue to weaken, leading to arthritic flare ups.

The New York Times also notes that weight-bearing activities increase the strength of the bone itself. People of all ages can benefit from weight-bearing exercises that impose mild stress on the bones. The stress then causes mild bone damage, which the body repairs by regrowing the bone denser and stronger than before. Stronger and denser bones are less likely to break and help support the body overall.