What is the main cause of migraines?

Many of the causes of migraines are somewhat unknown as of 2015, but common causes center on genetics and environmental factors, according to Mayo Clinic. Some migraines develop when central nervous system disorders are triggered. Genetics also plays a role, notes Healthline.

The interactions between the brain stem and trigeminal nerve pain pathway may also cause migraines, reports Mayo Clinic. Imbalances in brain chemicals, including serotonin, also cause migraines in some people. Skipping meals or eating certain types of foods trigger migraines for some. Other triggers include alcohol, caffeine, hormonal changes and a popular preservative known as MSG, according to Healthline.