What are static and dynamic binding?

Static binding takes place during compile time and remains the same until the entire program has been executed. Dynamic binding takes place during run time and can change while the program is being executed.

Binding simply refers to the link between a method definition and method call. Whenever a static, final or private method is present within a class, there is static binding. Static binding is sometimes referred to as early binding while dynamic binding is sometimes referred to as late binding. Both of the binding methods are directly related to the execution of program code. The earlier the binding time, the higher the efficiency, safety and flexibility of the program.