What is a surface condenser?

A surface condenser is a device for condensing steam under vacuum pressure. A vacuum must be maintained in the steam condenser to ensure the efficiency of the steam-power plant. Steam and the cooling water do not come in contact with each other.

The tube and shell condenser converts gas into liquid as part of the thermodynamic cycle, which includes a turbine, a steam generator and a pump. Condensation of steam occurs on the tubes through which cooling water passes. The steam condenser is made of a shell with a bundle of tubes passing through it. Heat exchange takes place when the water absorbs heat from the steam.