What types of tests are used to diagnose HIV?

As of 2015, there are several types of laboratory tests used to diagnose HIV, including the ELISA Test, saliva tests, a viral load test, and the Western Blot test, according to UCSF Medical Center. An HIV home test, called the Home Access Express Test, is sold at most U.S. pharmacies.

When an ELISA test is positive for HIV infection, the Western Blot test is used to confirm an HIV diagnosis. Viral load tests measure the amount of HIV present in blood and are used to monitor treatment progress over the course of the disease, as stated by UCSF Medical Center.