What is the Goldman equation?

The Goldman equation calculates the resting membrane potential in cells. The equation is: vm = RT/F * ln((pk[K]o + pna[Na]o + pcl[Cl]i) / (pk[K]i + pna[Na]i + pcl[Cl]o)). It only works in cells where potassium (K+), sodium (Na+) and chlorine (Cl-) ion channels are dominant in the plasma membrane.

Membrane potential is represented by vm. R is the universal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin and F is Faraday's constant. Next, pk, pna and pc are the membrane permeabilities of K, Na and Cl respectively. Similarly [K]o, [Na]o and [Cl]o are the concentrations of K+, Na+ and Cl- in the extracellular fluid, while [K]i, [Na]i and [Cl]i are the concentrations in the intracellular fluid.